Age related Macular Degeneration (ARMD or AMD), a condition that affects the central vision of a person, is an acquired cause of retinal degeneration and a growing cause of blindness in the elderly. Dr. Niroj Sahoo, Consultant Opthalmologist, LV Prasad Eye Institute address the topic of Age related macular degeneration.
A must for anyone interested in elder care or geriatric care.
The video covers the following topics:
What is Age related Macular Degeneration
Symptoms of Types of ARMD…
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Diabetes requires regular testing, monitoring, consultation at different time intervals. A simple schedule of follow ups and vaccines needed, helps to keep on top of things. Note: Use this as a guide but follow your doctor’s prescribed schedule Every Day Take your medicines on time. Check your blood glucose levels with a Glucometer. Maintain a log of time and readings. Share with your doctor at next consult. Check your blood pressure with a home BP monitor as prescribed by your…
Tips for managing Hypothyroidism Take your daily medication on time. It will reduce your symptoms and keep the thyroid hormones in balance. There is no specific diet but do ensure adequate intake of iodine. Iodine rich foods include eggs, dairy products, meat etc. Lose excess weight. Weight gain is due to slowed metabolism and can lead to other issues. Note that the maximum weight gain due to thyroid issues is 4-5Kg. Stay fit and be active. This will improve stamina/ energy levels…
There is no clear way to prevent hypothyroidism but you can reduce your risk by doing the following: Quit smoking. Use a neck collar when going in for head and neck X-ray. Have adequate iodine intake. This is especially true in many under-developed countries, where salt is now iodised to reduce this deficiency. Avoid exposure to radioactive iodine. Join our No Smoking Community to learn more
The goal of treatment is to bring the person back to an euthyroid state (state of having normal thyroid gland function), hence necessitating lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Levothyroxine which is a synthetic T4 hormone is the preferred choice of treatment. It is usually prescribed once a day. L-triiodothyronine which is synthetic T3 is used less frequently due to a shorter half-life. Combination of the two synthetic hormones is available but with no significant…
Diagnosis of hypothyroidism will be based on a full clinical history, physical examination and blood tests. In some cases, ultrasound of the neck may also be prescribed. Blood test of serum TSH and free T4 levels is the more definitive diagnostic tool. Based on the results, the type of hypothyroidism can be identified. TYPE SERUM TSH FREE T4 Primary Hypothyroidism High Low Secondary Hypothyroidism Low or normal Low Subclinical Hypothyroidism High (on…
The following are the types of hypothyroidism - Primary hypothyroidism is the most common type of hypothyroidism. It occurs when the dysfunction is in the thyroid gland itself. Central hypothyroidism Secondary hypothyroidism occurs when there is dysfunction in the pituitary gland. Tertiary hypothyroidism results from hypothalamus disorders. Subclinical or Underactive Thyroid is the early form of thyroid failure when T4 levels are still normal. It is seen in 3-8% of the…
Symptoms of hypothyroidism are often vague and non-specific, commonly confused as signs of aging, menopause, depression, vitamin deficiencies, diabetes etc. This often leads to missed or delayed diagnosis. Common symptoms of hypothyroidism are listed in the table below: Symptoms of primary hypothyroidism General Fatigue, Hoarse Voice Cardiac Bradycardia, Diastolic Hypertension, Pericardial effusion Gastrointestinal Weight gain, Decreased appetite,…
There are a few causes of hypothyroidism. The most common cause of hypothyroidism is Autoimmune thyroid disease. Other causes include: Type Underlying causative factor Autoimmune Atrophic autoimmune thyroiditis, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis Iodine deficiency Poor intake of dietary iodine Iatrogenic Radioiodine therapy, Removal of thyroid glands Medication side-effect Amiodarone, Interferon, Rifampicin, Lithium, Methimazole, Propylthiouracil, Thalidomide, Sunitinib…
