Colorectal cancer is a cancer that develops from uncontrolled cell division of the inner lining of the large intestine (colon and rectum). Globally, colorectal cancer is the 3rd most common cancer in men and 4th most common cancer in women. However, incidences of colorectal cancer are increasing in Asian countries due to change in dietary habits and lifestyle.
- Complete blood count for iron deficiency anaemia due to bleeding
- Digital rectal examination: The doctor inserts a lubricated gloved finger into the rectum to feel for any lump or other abnormality.
- Fecal occult blood tests for hidden blood in the stool from bleeding blood vessels.
- Double contrast barium enema (DCBA): This detects abnormalities in the colon and rectum. A liquid containing barium is put into the rectum after which the colon and rectum are X-rayed. Air is put into the rectum to enhance the X-ray.
- Flexible sigmoidoscopy: A long lighted tube, attached with a camera called sigmoidoscope, is inserted through the anus to see the rectum and sigmoid colon. Small polyps can be removed for analysis (biopsy).
- Colonoscopy: This allows the doctor to see the entire colon and rectum. Similar to sigmoidoscopy, a long, flexible lighted tube, attached with a camera, is inserted through the anus. Biopsy can be taken from the suspicious area for analysis.
- CT scan, MRI, ultrasound can be done to see if the cancer has spread to other organs (metastasis).
Changed
08/Jan/2019
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