Eye Health

What leads to dry eyes: Prolonged use of contact lenses leads to dry eyes. Soft contact lenses actively deplete the rear layer to maintain their hydration level. One of the most important cause of dryness these days is extensive use of computer and mobile screens. Studies have shown that excessive use of screens enhances the evaporation of tears along with decreased blink rate. Dry eyes are also commonly seen in old age with more preponderance in women, particularly in peri and post-menopausal…

What kind of screening tests should I undergo? Here are some guidelines, according to American Diabetic Association Adults and children aged >10 years with Type 1 diabetes should have an initial dilated and comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist or optometrist within 5 years of the onset of diabetes. Patients with Type 2 diabetes should have an initial dilated and comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist or optometrist shortly after the diagnosis of diabetes.…

Its important to maintain good metabolic control in order to prevent or slow progression of retinopathy.  Good metabolic control is important to manage this early stage. Manage your blood glucose level and your blood pressure. Targets of HbA1c <7%, BP <130/80 mmHg (SMBP <125/75 mmHg) should be achieved to improve vision, prevent or slow progression of retinopathy. Lipid and kidney status should also be controlled. Let your doctor know if you are experiencing diminished vision or…

Treatment depends on the stage of Diabetic retinopathy  Early nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) Let your doctor know if you are experiencing diminished vision or any other eye problems like blurriness.  Retinal imaging (Fundus Fluorescein Angiography, Optical Coherence Tomography) followed by retinal laser treatment is indicated in this stage of retinopathy. Recently, Intravitreal injections (injections in the eye), which maybe Anti VEGF (Avastin, Lucentis) or steroid…

Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy are:  Early nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) This is the early stage when the patient is usually asymptomatic or has mild blurring of vision. On examination, the eye care provider may find the following when looking into the patient’s eye with an opthalmoscope: Microaneurysm (small, red dots often in a punctuate pattern) with or without swelling of the retina Dot and sparse blot haemorrhages (red, round or blot-shaped in the inner nuclear layer or…

Symptoms of Diabetic Retinopathy are: Blurring or haziness of vision Spots or lines in field of vision – Floaters Diminished vision, which may vary from mild decrease in reading vision (macular edema) to total loss of vision due to bleeding (vitreous haemorrhage).

Can it be prevented A holistic approach – controlling blood sugar, hypertension, dyslipemia  and kidney status with a good exercise routine -  is the best preventive measure. What kind of screening tests should I undergo? Here are some guidelines, according to American Diabetic Association Adults and children aged >10 years with Type 1 diabetes should have an initial dilated and comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist or optometrist within 5 years of the onset of…

Are you at risk of developing diabetic retinopathy  Yes, if you have: Persistent hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar)  Diabetes of more than 5-years duration Albuminuria (too much protein in the urine>30mg in 24hours) Hypertension Dyslipemia

Alok Kaushik, now 40, talks about his transition from the life of a sighted person to a blind person. “Start living in the solution domain rather than the problem domain,” he says, sharing the solutions that help him maintain his independence. Please tell us a bit about your condition. I have Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP), which is a disease of the retina that causes the photo-receptor cells in the retina, i.e. rods and cones, to degenerate in a progressive manner, leading…

What is it Diabetic retinopathy refers to all disorders of the retina caused by diabetes. There is a high incidence of blindness with diabetes. According to Diabetes Care Journal, American Diabetes Association, there are approximately 93 million people with diabetic retinopathy, 17 million with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 21 million with diabetic macular edema, and 28 million with vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) worldwide. Diabetic retinopathy usually affects both eyes.…